-
1 cancer vaccine
Иммунология: антиканцероматозная вакцина, противораковая вакцина -
2 cancer vaccine
противораковая [антиканцероматозная] вакцина -
3 cervical cancer vaccine
Медицина: вакцина от рака шейки матки (англ. термин взят из репортажа агентства Associated Press)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > cervical cancer vaccine
-
4 cervical cancer vaccine market
Маркетология: рынок вакцин от рака шейки матки (англ. термин взят из репортажа агентства Associated Press)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > cervical cancer vaccine market
-
5 vaccine
вакцина; вакцинныйvaccine of Calmette and Guerin — вакцина Кальметта и Гирена, БЦЖ
African swine fever vaccine — вакцина против ( вируса) африканской лихорадки свиней
allergen-free vaccine — безаллергенная [десенсибилизированная] вакцина
antifertility vaccine — антифертильная (напр. антигормональная, антиспермальная) вакцина
anti-HCG vaccine — ( контрацептивная) антихориогонадотропиновая вакцина человека
anti-idiotope-based vaccine — антиидиотипическая вакцина ( вакцина на основе антиидиотипических антител)
anti-idiotope-related vaccine — антиидиотипическая вакцина ( вакцина на основе антиидиотипических антител)
anti-LHRH vaccine — ( контрацептивная) вакцина на основе лютеотропин-рилизинг фактора
antipregnancy vaccine — контрацептивная [противозачаточная] вакцина
antisporozoite vaccine — антиспорозойная ( малярийная) вакцина
artificial vaccine — синтетическая [искусственная] вакцина
attenuated vaccine — ослабленная [аттенюированная] вакцина
autogenous vaccine — аутологичная вакцина, аутовакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из продуктов жизнедеятельности инфицированного организма больного)
autologous vaccine — аутологичная вакцина, аутовакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из продуктов жизнедеятельности инфицированного организма больного)
autoimmunity-targeted vaccine — противоаутоиммунная вакцина, вакцина для лечения аутоиммунного заболевания (препарат высокоиммуногенных T-клеток от больного с аутоиммунным заболеванием)
avianized vaccine — бактериальная вакцина, ослабленная многократными пассажами на куриных эмбрионах
cancer vaccine — противораковая [антиканцероматозная] вакцина
canine distemper vaccine — псовая противочумная вакцина, вакцина против чумки
caprinized vaccine — бактериальная вакцина, ослабленная многократными пассажами в организме козлов
capsular vaccine — капсульная [каспулярная] вакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из серотип-специфических капсульных полисахаридов)
carrier-coupled vaccine — вакцина на основе белка-носителя (вакцина, лишённая гаптеновой части)
conjugate vaccine — вакцина на основе коньюгата, конъюгатная вакцина
contraceptive vaccine — контрацептивная [противозачаточная] вакцина
corresponding vaccine — аутологичная вакцина, аутовакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из продуктов жизнедеятельности инфицированного организма больного)
Cox-type vaccine — вакцина против сыпного тифа, вакцина Кокса
dead vaccine — убитая [инактивированная] вакцина
detergent-split vaccine — детергент-субъединичная вакцина (мономерная вакцина из вириона, обработанного детергентом)
diphteria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine — АКДС-вакцина, ассоциированная коклюшно-дифтерийно-столбнячная вакцина
diploid vaccine — диплоидная ( полученная путём культивирования вируса на диплоидных клетках) вакцина
egg-derived vaccine — аллантоисная вакцина ( приготовленная путём культивирования вируса на куриных эмбрионах)
Enders' vaccine — ( противокоревая) вакцина Эндерса
engineered vaccine — рекомбинантная [генно-инженерная] вакцина
fecundity vaccine — генеративная ( стимулирующая оплодотворение) вакцина
Fermi's vaccine — ( антирабическая) вакцина Ферми
Floori's vaccine — ( антирабическая) вакцина Флури
formalized wart vaccine — антипапилломатозная формолаутовакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из обработанных формалином папиллом)
French neurotropic virus vaccine — французская нейротропная вирусная вакцина ( против жёлтой лихорадки)
gene-spliced vaccine — рекомбинантная [генно-инженерная] вакцина
genetically engineered vaccine — рекомбинантная [генно-инженерная] вакцина
Haffkine's vaccine — ( противочумная) вакцина Хавкина
homologous vaccine — аутологичная вакцина, аутовакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из продуктов жизнедеятельности инфицированного организма больного)
immunoenhanced vaccine — вакцина с усиленными иммуногенными свойствами (как правило, био- или генно-инженерная вакцина)
Jenner's vaccine — ( противооспенная) вакцина Дженнера
killed vaccine — убитая [инактивированная] вакцина
lapinized vaccine — лапинизированная вакцина (вакцина, ослабленная пассажами на кроликах)
measles vaccine — 1) противокоревая вакцина 2) вет. вакцина против финноза и цистицеркоза
measles-mumps-rubella vaccine — тривакцина против кори, эпидемического паротита и ( коревой) краснухи
mixed vaccine — поливакцина, ассоциированная [комбинированная, поливалентная] вакцина
MMR vaccine — тривакцина против кори, эпидемического паротита и ( коревой) краснухи
modified-live vaccine — ослабленная [аттенюированная] живая вакцина
mouse vaccine — вакцина из вируса, культивировавшегося в организмах мышей
multipartial vaccine — поливакцина, ассоциированная [комбинированная, поливалентная] вакцина
multivalent vaccine — поливакцина, ассоциированная [комбинированная, поливалентная] вакцина
mumps vaccine — вакцина против паротита (вирусная вакцина, аттенюированная пассажами на куриных эмбрионах)
Newcastle disease vaccine — вакцина против ( вируса) болезни Ньюкасла
nonliving vaccine — убитая [инактивированная] вакцина
parenteral vaccine — парентеральная [инъекционная] вакцина
personal vaccine — аутологичная вакцина, аутовакцина (вакцина, приготовленная из продуктов жизнедеятельности инфицированного организма больного)
polio vaccine — полиомиелитная вакцина, полиовакцина
quadruple vaccine — тетравакцина, четырёхвалентная вакцина
Salk's vaccine — ( противополиомиелитная) вакцина Солка
Semple's vaccine — ( антирабическая) вакцина Сэмпля
sensitized vaccine — вакцина, смешанная с аутологичной сывороткой
Skinner's vaccine — ( противогерпетическая) вакцина Скиннера
sperm-antigen-based vaccine — ( иммуноконтрацептивная) антиспермальная вакцина
stage-specific vaccine — стадиеспецифическая вакцина (напр. для профилактики конкретных стадий малярии)
stock vaccine — вакцина, приготовленная из родственного штамма
suspension vaccine — жидкая [суспензионная] вакцина
synthetic vaccine — синтетическая [искусственная] вакцина
TAB vaccine — вакцина против брюшного тифа и паратифов A и B, брюшнотифозно-паратифозная вакцина
transmissible gastroenteritis vaccine — вакцина против ( вируса) трансмиссивного гастроэнтерита
triple vaccine — тривакцина, тройная [трёхвалентная] вакцина
tumor vaccine — противоопухолевая вакцина (вакцина на основе опухолеспецифического антигена, используемая в экспериментальной терапии злокачественных новообразований)
veterinary vaccine — ветеринарная вакцина, вакцина для домашнего скота
weaked vaccine — ослабленная [аттенюированная] вакцина
Weigl's louse vaccine — ( убитая) риккетсиозная вакцина Вейгля ( приготовленная из суспензии обработанных фенолом вшей)
-
6 cervarix
-
7 gardasil
Фармакология: гардасил (cervical cancer vaccine made by Merck & Co. and approved by the FDA) -
8 антиканцероматозная вакцина
Immunology: cancer vaccineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > антиканцероматозная вакцина
-
9 вакцина от рака шейки матки
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > вакцина от рака шейки матки
-
10 гардасил
Pharmacology: gardasil (cervical cancer vaccine made by Merck & Co. and approved by the FDA) -
11 противораковая вакцина
Immunology: cancer vaccineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > противораковая вакцина
-
12 рынок вакцин от рака шейки матки
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > рынок вакцин от рака шейки матки
-
13 церварикс
Pharmacology: cervarix (cervical cancer vaccine made by GlaxoSmithKline and approved by the World Health Organization) -
14 Les douleurs et les maladies
Où est-ce que ça vous fait mal?où avez-vous mal?= where does it hurt?Pour traduire avoir mal à, l’anglais utilise un possessif devant le nom de la partie du corps (alors que le français a un article défini), et un verbe qui peut être hurt ou ache ( faire mal). hurt est toujours possible:il a mal à la jambe= his leg hurtssa jambe lui fait mal= his leg hurtsil a mal au dos= his back hurtsil a mal aux yeux= his eyes hurtil a mal aux oreilles= his ears hurtache est utilisé avec les membres, les articulations, la tête, les dents et les oreilles:il a mal au bras= his arm achesOn peut aussi traduire par have a pain in:il a mal à la jambe= he has a pain in his legPour quelques parties du corps, l’anglais utilise un composé avec -ache:avoir mal aux dents= to have toothacheavoir mal au dos= to have backacheavoir mal aux oreilles= to have earacheavoir mal au ventre= to have stomachacheavoir mal à la tête= to have a headache (noter l’article indéfini)Attention à:il a mal au cœur= he feels sickil a mal aux reins= he has backachequi n’affectent pas la partie du corps désignée en français.Les accidentsLà où le français a des formes pronominales (se faire mal à etc.) avec l’article défini, l’anglais utilise des verbes transitifs, avec des adjectifs possessifs:il s’est cassé la jambe= he broke his legil s’est fait mal au pied= he hurt his footNoter:il a eu la jambe cassée= his leg was brokenLes faiblesses chroniquesLe français avoir le X fragile peut se traduire par to have something wrong with one’s X ou to have X trouble:avoir le cœur fragile= to have something wrong with one’s heart ou to have heart troubleavoir les reins fragiles= to have something wrong with one’s kidneys ou to have kidney troublePour certaines parties du corps (le cœur, les chevilles), on peut aussi utiliser l’adjectif weak:avoir le cœur fragile= to have a weak heartNoter que l’anglais utilise l’article indéfini dans cette tournure.Les maladiesL’anglais utilise tous les noms de maladie sans article:avoir la grippe= to have fluavoir un cancer= to have canceravoir une hépatite= to have hepatitisavoir de l’asthme= to have asthmaavoir les oreillons= to have mumpsêtre au lit avec la grippe= to be in bed with fluguérir de la grippe= to recover from flumourir du choléra= to die of choleraMême les noms de maladies suivies d’un complément ne prennent pas toujours d’article:avoir un cancer du foie= to have cancer of the liverMais:avoir un ulcère à l’estomac= to have a stomach ulcerEt attention à a cold ( un rhume), qui n’est pas vraiment une maladie:avoir un rhume= to have a coldL’anglais utilise moins volontiers les adjectifs dérivés des noms de maladies, si bien qu’on peut avoir:être asthmatique= to have asthma ou to be asthmaticêtre épileptique= to have epilepsy ou to be epilepticêtre rachitique= to have ricketsNoter:quelqu’un qui a la malaria= someone with malariaquelqu’un qui a un cancer= someone with cancerles gens qui ont le Sida= people with AidsLes gens qui se font soigner pour une maladie sont désignés par a X patient:quelqu’un qui se fait soigner pour un cancer= a cancer patientLes attaques de la maladieLe français attraper se traduit par to get ou to catch.attraper la grippe= to get flu ou to catch fluattraper une bronchite= to get bronchitis ou to catch bronchitisMais get est utilisable aussi pour ce qui n’est pas infectieux:développer un ulcère à l’estomac= to get a stomach ulcerAvoir peut se traduire par develop lorsqu’il s’agit de l’apparition progressive d’une maladie:avoir un cancer= to develop canceravoir un début d’ulcère= to develop an ulcerPour une crise passagère, et qui peut se reproduire, on traduira avoir un/une... par to have an attack of…ou a bout of…:avoir une crise d’asthme= to have an asthma attackavoir une bronchite= to have an attack of bronchitisavoir une crise de malaria= to have a bout of malariaNoter aussi:avoir une crise d’épilepsie= to have an epileptic fitLes traitementsLe français contre ne se traduit pas toujours par against.prendre quelque chose contre le rhume des foins= to take something for hay feverprendre un médicament contre la toux= to be taking something for a coughprescrire un médicament contre la toux= to prescribe something for a coughdes cachets contre la malaria= malaria tabletsse faire vacciner contre la grippe= to have a flu injectionvacciner qn contre le tétanos= to give sb a tetanus injectionse faire vacciner contre le choléra= to have a cholera vaccinationun vaccin contre la grippe= a flu vaccine ou an anti-flu vaccineMais noter:prendre des médicaments contre la grippe= to take something for fluNoter l’utilisation de la préposition anglaise on avec le verbe operate:se faire opérer d’un cancer= to be operated on for cancerle chirurgien l’a opéré d’un cancer= the surgeon operated on him for cancerDictionnaire Français-Anglais > Les douleurs et les maladies
-
15 contra
adv.athwart.prep.1 against.un jarabe contra la tos a cough syrupen contra againstestar en contra de algo, estar contra algo to be opposed to somethingeso va contra el reglamento that's against regulations2 versus.f.opposing view, con.* * *1 against2 for3 (enfrente) facing, opposite1 familiar drawback, snag1 gosh!, good grief!\en contra againsten contra de lo que... contrary to...llevar la contra a alguien to contradict somebody, disagree with somebodyopinar en contra to disagree* * *prep.* * *SF* * *I1)a) (indicando posición, dirección) againstlo puso contra la pared/la ventana — he put it against the wall/by the window
b) ( con sentido de oposición) againstuna vacuna contra la gripe — a flu o an anti-flu vaccine
c) (en locs)un gol en contra — (RPl) an own goal
en contra de — ( opuesto a) against; ( contrariamente a) contrary to
2)a) (Fin)b) (Com) ( a cambio de)II1) (esp AmL fam) ( dificultad) snagllevar la contra — contrario I 3)
2) (Col) ( antídoto) antidote3) (Pol, Hist)a) ( grupo)IIIla contra — the Contras (pl)
* * *I1)a) (indicando posición, dirección) againstlo puso contra la pared/la ventana — he put it against the wall/by the window
b) ( con sentido de oposición) againstuna vacuna contra la gripe — a flu o an anti-flu vaccine
c) (en locs)un gol en contra — (RPl) an own goal
en contra de — ( opuesto a) against; ( contrariamente a) contrary to
2)a) (Fin)b) (Com) ( a cambio de)II1) (esp AmL fam) ( dificultad) snagllevar la contra — contrario I 3)
2) (Col) ( antídoto) antidote3) (Pol, Hist)a) ( grupo)IIIla contra — the Contras (pl)
* * *contra1= against, versus (vs - abreviatura), anti.Ex: Against this proliferation of hosts there is a distinct awareness amongst users of the need for the rationalisation.
Ex: I believe that the emphasis on abuse of title entry in the name of speeding up cataloging is not the question of a title entry versus other entries, it is the question of simplification.Ex: States began passing anti stalking legislation in 1990 after a rash of stalking related murders and publicity surrounding the stalking of celebrities = Los estados empezaron a aprobar legislación contra el acecho en 1990 después de una racha de asesinatos relacionados con el acoso y de la publicidad que surgió relacionada con la persecución de famosos.* acción contra el fuego = fire response.* a favor y en contra = pro and con.* argumento en contra = counter-argument [counterargument].* argumentos a favor o en contra = arguments for (and/or) against.* carrera contra el tiempo = race against time, race against the clock.* carrera contra reloj = race against time, race against the clock.* contra el cáncer = anticancer.* contra el deseo de Alguien = against + Posesivo + will.* contra el reumatismo = anti-rheumatism.* contra el viento = upwind.* contra fuerzas superiores = against (all/the) odds.* contra la ansiedad = anti-anxiety.* contra la pared = up against the wall, with + Posesivo + back against the wall, against a/the wall.* contra las cuerdas = against the ropes.* contra la voluntad de Alguien = against + Posesivo + will.* contra los dioses = against (all/the) odds.* contra (todo) pronóstico = against (all/the) odds.* contra todo (tipo) de riesgo = against all risks.* contra una pared = against a/the wall.* contra viento y marea = at all costs, against (all/the) odds, at any cost, at any price, come hell or high water.* en contra = counterpoint, against.* en contra de la guerra = antiwar [anti-war].* en contra de la opinión general = contrary to popular belief.* en contra de la raza blanca = anti-white [antiwhite].* en contra de la raza negra = antiblack [anti-black].* en contra de las circunstancias = against circumstances.* estar a favor o en contra = be for or against.* estar en contra de = be against.* hablar en contra de = speak against.* hacer objeciones contra = urge against.* ir a contra reloj = race against + time, race against + the clock.* ir en contra de = contravene, fly in + the face of, go against, militate against, stand in + contrast to, tell against, be at odds with, work at + cross purposes, be at cross purposes, be contrary to, set against, run + counter to, run + contrary to, be at loggerheads with, argue against, stand in + sharp contrast to, run up against, turn against, speak against, run + afoul of, fall + afoul of.* ir en contra del reloj = race against + the clock.* ir en contra del tiempo = race against + the clock.* ir en contra de todos + Posesivo + principios = violate + principle.* luchar contra corriente = labour + against the grain.* luchar contra un fuego = fight + fire.* militar contra = militate against.* no predisponer a Alguien en contra = stay on + the right side of, keep on + the right side of.* no tener nada en contra de Algo = have + no quarrel about + Nombre.* ponerse en contra de = turn against.* por contra = in contrast.* predispuesto en contra de = disposed against.* probabilidades en contra de = odds against.* pronunciarse a favor o en contra de Algo = take + sides.* pros y contras = trade-off [tradeoff/trade off], ins and outs, pros and cons.* pros (y/o) contras = merits (and/or) demerits, strengths (and/or) weaknesses, pluses (and/or) minuses.* pruebas en contra = evidence to the contrary.* seguridad contra corrientes eléctricas = electrical security.* tener pros y contras = be a mixed blessing.* utilizar en contra = set against.* viento en contra = headwind.* volverse en contra de = turn against.* * *A1 (indicando posición, dirección) againstlo estrellaron contra la puerta they threw him against the doornos estrellamos contra un árbol we crashed into a treenadar contra la corriente to swim against the currentpuso el escritorio contra la ventana he put the desk under o by o in front of o next to the window2 (con sentido de oposición) againstdos contra uno two against onela lucha contra la tiranía/la ignorancia the struggle against tyranny/ignoranceuna vacuna contra la gripe a flu o an anti-flu vaccineuna política contra la discriminación racial a policy to combat racial discriminationcontra lo que opinan todos contrary to what everyone thinks3 ( en locs):en contra againstyo estoy en contra I'm against it40 votos a favor y 23 en contra 40 votes for and 23 againstun gol en contra ( RPl); an own goalen contra de: está en contra de mis principios it's against my principlesen contra nuestra or de nosotros against usse pronunciaron en contra de estas medidas they announced that they were opposed to these measuresB1 ( Fin):un cheque girado contra el Banco de Pando a check drawn on the Banco de Pando2 ( Com)(a cambio de): contra presentación/entrega de este vale on presentation/surrender of this voucherenvíos contra reembolso parcels sent cash on deliveryllevarle la contra a algn: a ella no le gusta que le lleven la contra she doesn't like to be contradictedsiempre tiene que llevarme la contra she always has to disagreelo hace sólo por llevar la contra he does it just to be difficultB ( Col) (antídoto) antidote12* * *
contra preposición
against;
nos estrellamos contra un árbol we crashed into a tree;
dos contra uno two against one;
yo estoy en contra I'm against it;
40 votos en contra 40 votes against;
en contra de ( opuesto a) against;
( contrariamente a) contrary to
■ sustantivo femenino
◊ llevarle la contra a algn to contradict sb
c) (Pol, Hist) ( grupo):
■ sustantivo masculino y femenino ( individuo) Contra rebel
■ sustantivo masculino See Also→◊ pro
contra
I preposición
1 (oposición) against
estar en contra de algo, to be against sthg
nadie dijo nada en contra, no one disagreed
2 (apoyado en) against
3 (cuando indica colisión física) into
II f Pol (grupo contrarrevolucionario) contra
♦ Locuciones: los pros y los contras, the pros and cons
' contra' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abominar
- animosidad
- apelar
- atentar
- atentado
- azuzar
- blasfemar
- bloque
- cabeza
- cargar
- chocar
- combatir
- conjurarse
- corriente
- cuerda
- darse
- declararse
- defender
- derecha
- despotricar
- efectiva
- efectivo
- eficaz
- embestir
- empotrar
- enfrente
- envío
- estampar
- estamparse
- estrellar
- estrellarse
- exaltada
- exaltado
- impacto
- imponer
- indisponer
- injuria
- inoculación
- interponer
- juventud
- legal
- manifestarse
- mutar
- mutarse
- oponerse
- oposición
- pared
- predisponer
- preservar
- prevenir
English:
accusation
- against
- agitate
- aid
- antihistamine
- antipollution
- argue
- argument
- attack
- attempt
- avoid
- back
- barge into
- belief
- bias
- biased
- blast
- blitz
- bump
- bump into
- campaign
- cannon
- career
- cash
- charge
- charity
- claim
- clamp down
- clash
- clock
- clutch
- combat
- come out
- con
- contra
- contrary
- counter
- crack
- crack down
- crackdown
- crash
- crime
- decide
- demonstrate
- discriminate
- fight
- find
- for
- foul
- from
* * *♦ nfla Contra the Contras♦ nmfContra (rebel)* * *I prp against;en contra de against;en contra againstII f fig:llevar ohacer la contra a alguien contradict s.o.* * *contra nf2)llevar la contra a : to oppose, to contradictcontra nm: conlos pros y los contras: the pros and conscontra prep: against* * *contra1 n drawbackcontra2 prep1. (en general) against2. (con chocar, etc) into3. (con tirar, etc) at4. (con caerse, etc) on5. (tratamiento) for6. (en deportes) versus -
16 contro
against* * *contro prep.1 ( in opposizione a) against (anche fig.): lottare contro il male, le avversità, to fight (against) evil, adversity; erano tutti contro di lui, they were all against him; essere solo contro tutti, to be alone against everybody; ho ubbidito contro la mia volontà, I obeyed against my will; contro il parere di tutti, si è iscritto a medicina, against everyone's advice, he went in for medicine; l'80% dei presenti votò contro la proposta, 80% of those present voted against the proposal; non posso farlo, è contro i miei principi, I can't do it, it's against my principles; mettersi contro qlcu., to go against s.o. // contro voglia, unwillingly // contro ogni previsione, against all expectations // contro natura, against the grain // scommettere due contro uno, to bet two to one2 ( in direzione opposta a) against; at; to; into: i soldati avanzavano contro l'esercito nemico, the soldiers advanced against the enemy; scagliò la sedia contro il muro, he threw the chair against the wall; aveva la pistola puntata contro l'ostaggio, he held the pistol to (o at) the hostage's head; la macchina andò a sbattere contro lo spartitraffico, the car crashed into the guardrail; entrando al buio, ho sbattuto contro l'armadio, entering in the dark, I bumped into the wardrobe; scagliava sassi contro il cane, he threw stones at the dog; navigare contro vento, to sail against the wind; andare contro corrente, to swim against the tide3 ( addosso a, a contatto con) against: abbiamo messo il divano contro la parete, we put the sofa against the wall; la pioggia batteva contro i vetri, the wind beat against the windows4 ( in previsione di) against: tutelarsi contro i rischi, to protect oneself against risks; il governo prenderà drastiche misure contro l'inflazione, the government is to take drastic measures against inflation; hanno scoperto un nuovo vaccino contro l'influenza, a new vaccine has been discovered against influenza5 ( in contrasto con, sullo sfondo di): il campanile della chiesa si stagliava contro il cielo, the church tower stood out against the sky; guardare qlco. contro luce, to look at sthg. against the light6 ( nel linguaggio giuridico o sportivo) against, versus: procedere legalmente contro qlcu., to take legal action against s.o.; Bianchi contro Rossi, ( nelle cause) Bianchi versus Rossi; la nazionale italiana ha vinto contro il Brasile per 3 a 0, Italy won 3-0 against Brazil; dovrà battersi contro il detentore del titolo mondiale, he is to fight (against) the world title holder; la finale di coppa vedrà la Germania contro l'Inghilterra, the cup final is to be Germany versus England7 (comm.) against: consegnare la merce contro ricevuta, to deliver the goods against receipt; pagamento contro assegno, cash on delivery◆ avv. against: siete pro o contro?, are you for or against?; la maggioranza ha votato contro, the majority voted against // di contro, opposite // per contro, on the other hand◆ s.m.: il pro e il contro, the pros and cons; prima di decidere valuta bene i pro e i contro, before deciding, weigh up the pros and cons.* * *['kontro]1. prep1) (gen) againstlottare contro qn/qc — to fight against sb/sth
è contro il divorzio — he's against o opposed to divorce
il Milan contro la Juventus — Milan versus o against Juventus
2) (contatto, direzione) against3)(
Comm : in cambio di) contro pagamento/ricevuta — on payment/receipt4)contro ogni mia aspettativa — contrary to my expectations5)contro corrente, contro luce, contro voglia ecc — controcorrente
See:2. avv3. sm inv4. prefcounter...* * *['kontro] 1.1) (per indicare opposizione, contrasto) againstandare, essere contro — to go, be against [tradizione, politica, tendenza]
2) (per indicare difesa, protezione) againstassicurarsi contro qcs. — to take out insurance against sth.
tirare una pietra contro qcn. — to throw a stone at sb.
aprire il fuoco contro qcn. — to open fire on sb.
4) (in direzione opposta a) against5) (per indicare contatto) against6) (sullo sfondo di) againststagliarsi contro il cielo — to stand out o to be outlined against the sky
7) dir. sport8) comm.2.1) (per indicare opposizione) against2) per contro on the other hand3.sostantivo maschile invariabile••dare contro a qcn. — to go for sb
* * *contro/'kontro/1 (per indicare opposizione, contrasto) against; andare, essere contro to go, be against [tradizione, politica, tendenza]; sono tutti contro di lui everyone is against him; una cura contro l'AIDS a cure for Aids; ricerca contro il cancro cancer research: contro ogni aspettativa contrary to all expectations2 (per indicare difesa, protezione) against; assicurarsi contro qcs. to take out insurance against sth.; tutelarsi contro un rischio to protect oneself from a risk3 (per indicare direzione o movimento) (verso) to; (in modo ostile) at; tirare una pietra contro qcn. to throw a stone at sb.; aprire il fuoco contro qcn. to open fire on sb.; mi ha sguinzagliato i cani contro he let the dogs loose on me4 (in direzione opposta a) against5 (per indicare contatto) against; contro il muro against the wall; andò a sbattere con l'auto contro un muro he drove his car into a wall; finire contro gli scogli to drift onto the rocks6 (sullo sfondo di) against; stagliarsi contro il cielo to stand out o to be outlined against the sky7 dir. sport Crane contro Conroy Crane versus Conroy; la causa contro Foster the case against Foster; Brasile contro Argentina Brazil versus Argentina; hanno perso contro la squadra spagnola they lost to the Spanish teamII avverbio1 (per indicare opposizione) against; ho votato contro I voted against it; sono contro I'm against it2 per contro on the other handIII m. invi pro e i contro the pros and consdare contro a qcn. to go for sb. -
17 pioneer
1. noun 2. transitive verbPionierarbeit leisten für [Entwicklung, Technologie, Nutzung]* * *1. noun1) (a person who goes to a new, often uninhabited or uncivilized (part of a) country to live and work there: The American pioneers; ( also adjective) a pioneer family.) der/die Pionier(in), Pionier-...2) (a person who is the first to study some new subject, or use or develop a new technique etc: Joseph Lister was one of the pioneers of modern medicine; The Wright brothers were the pioneers of aeroplane flight.) der/die Pionier(in)2. verb(to be the first to do or make: Who pioneered the use of vaccine for preventing polio?) den Weg bahnen* * *pio·neer[ˌpaɪəˈnɪəʳ, AM -ˈnɪr]III. vtour paper was \pioneering articles like that last year unsere Zeitung hat letztes Jahr als Erste solche Artikel gedruckt* * *["paIə'nɪə(r)]1. n (MIL)Pionier m; (fig) Pionier(in) m(f), Wegbereiter(in) m(f)2. adj attrSee:→ academic.ru/90115/pioneering">pioneering3. vtway vorbereiten, bahnen; (fig) Pionierarbeit f leisten fürthe firm which pioneered its technical development — die Firma, die die technische Pionierarbeit dafür geleistet hat
4. viPionierarbeit or Vorarbeit leisten, den Weg bahnen* * *pioneer [ˌpaıəˈnıə(r)]A s1. MIL Pionier(soldat) m2. fig Pionier(in) (Erschließer[in] von Neuland etc), Vorkämpfer(in), Bahnbrecher(in), Wegbereiter(in), Vorreiter(in):pioneering work Pionierarbeit fC v/tpioneer model Erstmodell n* * *1. nounPionier, der; (fig. also) Wegbereiter, der/Wegbereiterin, die2. transitive verbPionierarbeit leisten für [Entwicklung, Technologie, Nutzung]* * *n.Pionier -e m. -
18 human papillomavirus
[- ˌpæpə'ləuməˌvaɪ(ə)rəs]сущ.; мед.; сокр. HPVвирус папилломы человека, папилломавирус (человека), ВПЧOn June 8, 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed the first vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer and other diseases in females caused by certain types of genital human papillomavirus (HPV). — 8 июня 2006 года Управление по контролю за продуктами и лекарствами США выдало лицензию на новую вакцину для предотвращения рака шейки матки и других заболеваний женских органов, вызываемых некоторыми видами вирусов папилломы человека (ВПЧ).
-
19 test
A n1 (of person, ability, resources) gen épreuve f, Psych test m ; Sch, Univ ( written) contrôle m, interrogation f écrite ; ( oral) interrogation f orale, épreuve f orale ; to put sb/sth to the test mettre qn/qch à l'épreuve ; a test of strength une épreuve de force ; to stand the test (of time) résister à l'épreuve (du temps) ; a method that has stood the test of time une méthode éprouvée ; intelligence/personality test test d'aptitude intellectuelle/de personnalité ; it was a severe test of his patience/physical strength cela mettait sa patience/force physique à rude épreuve ; the crisis was a real test of their relationship cette crise a vraiment mis leurs rapports à l'épreuve ; tomorrow's match should be a good test of the team's capabilities le match de demain devrait permettre de savoir de quoi l'équipe est capable ; Tuesday's poll should be a good test of popular opinion le scrutin de mardi devrait permettre de se faire une idée de l'état de l'opinion publique ; the best test of a good novel/car is… le meilleur critère pour juger de la valeur d'un roman/d'une voiture est… ;2 Comm, Ind, Tech (of equipment, machine, new model) essai m ; ( of new product) contrôle m, essai m ;3 Med (of blood, urine) analyse f ; ( of organ) examen m ; (to detect virus, cancer) test m de dépistage ; Chem, Pharm analyse f ; eye/hearing test examen des yeux/de l'ouïe ; blood test analyse de sang ; Aids test test de dépistage du sida ; to have a blood test se faire faire une analyse de sang ; the iodine test for starch le test à l'iode pour détecter la présence d'amidon ;4 Aut ( also driving test) examen m du permis de conduire ; to pass/fail one's test être reçu à/échouer son (examen du) permis de conduire ;B vtr1 (assess, examine) gen évaluer [intelligence, efficiency] ; Sch ( in classroom) interroger [student] (on en), ( at exam time) contrôler [student] ; Psych tester ; during the interview they tested him on his knowledge of French/current affairs au cours de l'entretien ils lui ont posé des questions pour évaluer ses connaissances en français/sur les problèmes d'actualité ; to test sb's intelligence gen évaluer l'intelligence de qn, ( formally) faire subir un test d'aptitude intellectuelle à qn ;2 Comm, Tech essayer, tester [vehicle, product] ; Med, Pharm analyser, faire une analyse (or des analyses) de [blood, urine, sample] ; expérimenter [new drug, vaccine] ; Chem analyser ; to have one's eyes tested se faire faire un examen des yeux ; to test sb for steroids faire subir une analyse à qn pour déterminer la présence de stéroïdes ; he was tested for Aids/leukemia on lui a fait subir un test de dépistage du sida/de la leucémie ; the water was tested for pollution on a analysé l'eau pour voir si elle était polluée ; to test drugs on animals expérimenter des médicaments sur les animaux ; all the new equipment has been tested for faults le nouveau matériel a été entièrement testé et essayé ; to test the water lit [swimmer] prendre la température de l'eau, Chem analyser l'eau, fig tâter le terrain, se faire une idée de la situation ; well-tested [method, formula, model] éprouvé, qui a fait ses preuves ;3 (tax, strain) mettre [qch] à l'épreuve [endurance, strength, patience, courage, effectiveness] ; her patience was severely tested sa patience a été mise à rude épreuve.C vi to test for starch/for alcohol ( in laboratory) faire une recherche d'amidon/d'alcool ; to test for an infection/allergy faire des analyses pour trouver la cause d'une infection/allergie ; his blood tested negative son analyse de sang a été négative ; ‘one, two, three, testing’ ( when trying out microphone) ≈ ‘un, deux, trois, un, deux, trois’.
См. также в других словарях:
cancer vaccine — A vaccine designed to prevent or treat cancer … English dictionary of cancer terms
Cancer vaccine — The term cancer vaccine refers to a vaccine that either prevents infections with cancer causing viruses, treats existing cancer or prevents the development of cancer in certain high risk individuals. (The ones that treat existing cancer are known … Wikipedia
Cancer immunoprevention — is the prevention of cancer onset with immunological means such as vaccines, immunostimulators or antibodies P. L. Lollini et al. , Vaccines for tumour prevention, Nat. Rev. Cancer 6: 204 216, 2006.… … Wikipedia
Cancer immunotherapy — is the use of the immune system to reject cancer. The main premise is stimulating the patient s immune system to attack the malignant tumor cells that are responsible for the disease. This can be either through immunization of the patient, in… … Wikipedia
vaccine — A substance or group of substances meant to cause the immune system to respond to a tumor or to microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses. A vaccine can help the body recognize and destroy cancer cells or microorganisms … English dictionary of cancer terms
vaccine adjuvant — A substance added to a vaccine to improve the immune response so that less vaccine is needed … English dictionary of cancer terms
Cancer — For other uses, see Cancer (disambiguation). Cancer Classification and external resources … Wikipedia
Vaccine — For other uses, see Vaccine (disambiguation). A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease causing microorganism, and is often made from… … Wikipedia
Cancer research — This article is about research into cancer, in general. For the UK based charity, see Cancer Research UK. For the journal, see Cancer Research (journal). University of Florida Cancer Hospital Cancer research is basic research into cancer in order … Wikipedia
recombinant vaccinia-TRICOM vaccine — A cancer vaccine made with a form of a vaccinia virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. The virus is changed in the laboratory to make human proteins that may help immune cells in … English dictionary of cancer terms
vaccinia-TRICOM vaccine — A cancer vaccine made with a form of a vaccinia virus that does not cause disease in humans. It is being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. The virus is changed in the laboratory to make human proteins that may help immune cells in … English dictionary of cancer terms